1 Initial Corpus generation

2 General Overview over EIST articles

2.1 Main Indicators: Publications, Authors, Countries

To start with, a general overview over the documents in the corpus.



MAIN INFORMATION ABOUT DATA

 Timespan                              1981 : 2022 
 Sources (Journals, Books, etc)        1133 
 Documents                             5350 
 Average years from publication        4.91 
 Average citations per documents       2.564 
 Average citations per year per doc    0.3921 
 References                            243089 
 
DOCUMENT TYPES                     
 article        5326 
 editorial      5 
 review         19 
 
DOCUMENT CONTENTS
 Keywords Plus (ID)                    2563 
 Author's Keywords (DE)                10263 
 
AUTHORS
 Authors                               9452 
 Author Appearances                    13762 
 Authors of single-authored documents  830 
 Authors of multi-authored documents   8622 
 
AUTHORS COLLABORATION
 Single-authored documents             918 
 Documents per Author                  0.566 
 Authors per Document                  1.77 
 Co-Authors per Documents              2.57 
 Collaboration Index                   1.95 
 

Annual Scientific Production

Annual Percentage Growth Rate 17.17457 


Most Productive Authors


Top manuscripts per citations


Corresponding Author's Countries


SCP: Single Country Publications

MCP: Multiple Country Publications


Total Citations per Country


Most Relevant Sources


Most Relevant Keywords
NA

And a graphical visualization

2.2 Cited references

Top 20 cited references (by corpus documents):

CR n
JENSEN, M.C., MECKLING, W.H., THEORY OF THE FIRM: MANAGERIAL BEHAVIOR, AGENCY COSTS AND OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE (1976) JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS, 3 (4), PP. 305-360 362
VILLALONGA, B., AMIT, R., HOW DO FAMILY OWNERSHIP, CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT AFFECT FIRM VALUE? (2006) JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS, 80 (2), PP. 385-417 217
BERRONE, P., CRUZ, C., GOMEZ-MEJIA, L.R., SOCIOEMOTIONAL WEALTH IN FAMILY FIRMS: THEORETICAL DIMENSIONS, ASSESSMENT APPROACHES, AND AGENDA FOR FUTURE RESEARCH (2012) FAMILY BUSINESS REVIEW, 25 (3), PP. 258-279 195
BARNEY, J., FIRM RESOURCES AND SUSTAINED COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE (1991) JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT, 17 (1), PP. 99-120 190
CHUA, J.H., CHRISMAN, J.J., SHARMA, P., DEFINING THE FAMILY BUSINESS BY BEHAVIOR (1999) ENTREPRENEURSHIP THEORY AND PRACTICE, 23 (4), PP. 19-39 187
SIRMON, D.G., HITT, M.A., MANAGING RESOURCES: LINKING UNIQUE RESOURCES, MANAGEMENT, AND WEALTH CREATION IN FAMILY FIRMS (2003) ENTREPRENEURSHIP THEORY AND PRACTICE, 27 (4), PP. 339-358 182
KOGUT, B., SINGH, H., THE EFFECT OF NATIONAL CULTURE ON THE CHOICE OF ENTRY MODE (1988) JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS STUDIES, 19 (3), PP. 411-432 174
LUO, Y., TUNG, R.L., INTERNATIONAL EXPANSION OF EMERGING MARKET ENTERPRISES: A SPRINGBOARD PERSPECTIVE (2007) JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS STUDIES, 38 (4), PP. 481-498 170
SCHULZE, W.S., LUBATKIN, M.H., DINO, R.N., BUCHHOLTZ, A.K., AGENCY RELATIONSHIPS IN FAMILY FIRMS: THEORY AND EVIDENCE (2001) ORGANIZATION SCIENCE, 12 (2), PP. 99-116 159
JENSEN, M.C., MECKLING, W.H., THEORY OF THE FIRM: MANAGERIAL BEHAVIOR, AGENCY COSTS AND OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE (1976) JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS, 3, PP. 305-360 147
HABBERSHON, T.G., WILLIAMS, M.L., A RESOURCE-BASED FRAMEWORK FOR ASSESSING THE STRATEGIC ADVANTAGES OF FAMILY FIRMS (1999) FAMILY BUSINESS REVIEW, 12 (1), PP. 1-25 138
MILLER, D., LE BRETON-MILLER, I., FAMILY GOVERNANCE AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: AGENCY, STEWARDSHIP, AND CAPABILITIES (2006) FAMILY BUSINESS REVIEW, 19 (1), PP. 73-87 135
ADAMS, R.B., FERREIRA, D., WOMEN IN THE BOARDROOM AND THEIR IMPACT ON GOVERNANCE AND PERFORMANCE (2009) JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS, 94 (2), PP. 291-309 129
LUO, Y., XUE, Q., HAN, B., HOW EMERGING MARKET GOVERNMENTS PROMOTE OUTWARD FDI: EXPERIENCE FROM CHINA (2010) JOURNAL OF WORLD BUSINESS, 45 (1), PP. 68-79 129
LA PORTA, R., LOPEZ-DE-SILANES, F., SHLEIFER, A., CORPORATE OWNERSHIP AROUND THE WORLD (1999) THE JOURNAL OF FINANCE, 54 (2), PP. 471-517 124
, &LDQUO 122
DEMSETZ, H., LEHN, K., THE STRUCTURE OF CORPORATE OWNERSHIP: CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES (1985) JOURNAL OF POLITICAL ECONOMY, 93, PP. 1155-1177 120
BUCKLEY, P.J., CLEGG, L.J., CROSS, A.R., LIU, X., VOSS, H., ZHENG, P., THE DETERMINANTS OF CHINESE OUTWARD FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (2007) JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS STUDIES, 38 (4), PP. 499-518 119
CHILD, J., RODRIGUES, S.B., THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF CHINESE FIRMS: A CASE FOR THEORETICAL EXTENSION? (2005) MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION REVIEW, 1 (3), PP. 381-410 119
SHLEIFER, A., VISHNY, R.W., A SURVEY OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (1997) THE JOURNAL OF FINANCE, 52 (2), PP. 737-783 118

3 Topic modelling

I by now created some topic modelling. The results are now more fine-tuned, but there is still room for some improvement. We ran a LDA on the titles + abstracts of our corpus, aiming at identifying 6 topics (different evaluation methods point towards this number)

3.1 Topics by topwords

This might still be finetuned, but initially doesnt look that bad I think. All the topics for me seem to be somewhat identifiable. We should maybe start naming them to make their interpretation later easier.

3.2 Topics over time

`summarise()` has grouped output by 'PY'. You can override using the `.groups` argument.

3.3 LDAViz

Here you find a nice way of exploring topics via the LDAVIz methodology of visulizing the result of an LDA. It dispolays all topics in a 2 dimensional TSNE (similar to PCA, but optimized for graphical illustration in 2d), and also gives a nice visual representation over the topics top-word distribution and overall frequencies of this words in the corpus. The \(\lambda\) parameter regulates the importance-ordering of the topwords. High \(\lambda\) order words by the highest propability to appear in the topic to the lowest (independent of the overall word popularity in the corpus), whle low \(\lambda\) emphasize words which are very specific to the topic, and rarely appear in others.

Play a bit around. Since it would be here a bit condensed, here in fullscreen for a better overview.

4 Knowledge Bases: Co-Citation network analysis

Note: This analysis refers the co-citation analysis, where the cited references and not the original publications are the unit of analysis. See tab Technical descriptionfor additional explanations

4.1 Knowledge Bases summary

4.1.1 Main Indicators

In order to partition networks into components or clusters, we deploy a community detection technique based on the Lovain Algorithm (Blondel et al., 2008). The Lovain Algorithm is a heuristic method that attempts to optimize the modularity of communities within a network by maximizing within- and minimizing between-community connectivity. We identify the following communities = knowledge bases.

It is not the main focus of this exercise, but still informative to see which historical knowledge the fields draws from.

NOTE: Up to now I only report the most central members per community

com name dgr_int dgr
1 SIRMON D.G. HITT M.A. MANAGING RESOURCES: LINKING UNIQUE RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND WEALTH CREATION IN FAMILY FIRMS (2003) 10079 12869
1 VILLALONGA B. AMIT R. HOW DO FAMILY OWNERSHIP CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT AFFECT FIRM VALUE? (2006) 9256 12555
1 CHUA J.H. CHRISMAN J.J. SHARMA P. DEFINING THE FAMILY BUSINESS BY BEHAVIOR (1999) 8353 10273
1 ANDERSON R.C. REEB D.M. FOUNDING-FAMILY OWNERSHIP AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM THE S&P 500 (2003) 7660 10134
1 SCHULZE W.S. LUBATKIN M.H. DINO R.N. BUCHHOLTZ A.K. AGENCY RELATIONSHIPS IN FAMILY FIRMS: THEORY AND EVIDENCE (2001) 6299 7212
1 BERRONE P. CRUZ C. GOMEZ-MEJIA L.R. SOCIOEMOTIONAL WEALTH IN FAMILY FIRMS: THEORETICAL DIMENSIONS ASSESSMENT APPROACHES AND AGENDA FOR FUTURE RESEA... 6292 7285
1 CARNEY M. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN FAMILY-CONTROLLED FIRMS (2005) 4889 5975
1 HABBERSHON T.G. WILLIAMS M.L. A RESOURCE-BASED FRAMEWORK FOR ASSESSING THE STRATEGIC ADVANTAGES OF FAMILY FIRMS (1999) 4796 5583
1 GOMEZ-MEJIA L.R. CRUZ C. BERRONE P. DE CASTRO J. THE BIND THAT TIES: SOCIOEMOTIONAL WEALTH PRESERVATION IN FAMILY FIRMS (2011) 4425 4972
1 CHRISMAN J.J. PATEL P.C. VARIATIONS IN R&D INVESTMENTS OF FAMILY AND NONFAMILY FIRMS: BEHAVIORAL AGENCY AND MYOPIC LOSS AVERSION PERSPECTIVES (2012) 4357 4927
2 JENSEN M.C. MECKLING W.H. THEORY OF THE FIRM: MANAGERIAL BEHAVIOR AGENCY COSTS AND OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE (1976) 6315 15366
2 SHLEIFER A. VISHNY R.W. A SURVEY OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (1997) 4073 5965
2 LA PORTA R. LOPEZ-DE-SILANES F. SHLEIFER A. CORPORATE OWNERSHIP AROUND THE WORLD (1999) 4000 9410
2 SHLEIFER A. VISHNY R.W. LARGE SHAREHOLDERS AND CORPORATE CONTROL (1986) 3609 4465
2 JENSEN M.C. AGENCY COSTS OF FREE CASH FLOW CORPORATE FINANCE AND TAKEOVERS (1986) 2678 3618
2 CHEN X. HARFORD J. LI K. MONITORING: WHICH INSTITUTIONS MATTER? (2007) 2583 2719
2 DEMSETZ H. LEHN K. THE STRUCTURE OF CORPORATE OWNERSHIP: CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES (1985) 2495 4254
2 AGGARWAL R. EREL I. FERREIRA M. MATOS P. DOES GOVERNANCE TRAVEL AROUND THE WORLD? EVIDENCE FROM INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS (2011) 2355 2460
2 GOMPERS P. ISHII J. METRICK A. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND EQUITY PRICES (2003) 2327 2570
2 BUSHEE B.J. THE INFLUENCE OF INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS ON MYOPIC R&D INVESTMENT BEHAVIOR (1998) 2295 2500
3 LUO Y. TUNG R.L. INTERNATIONAL EXPANSION OF EMERGING MARKET ENTERPRISES: A SPRINGBOARD PERSPECTIVE (2007) 4202 4403
3 KOGUT B. SINGH H. THE EFFECT OF NATIONAL CULTURE ON THE CHOICE OF ENTRY MODE (1988) 3297 3464
3 LUO Y. XUE Q. HAN B. HOW EMERGING MARKET GOVERNMENTS PROMOTE OUTWARD FDI: EXPERIENCE FROM CHINA (2010) 3000 3091
3 ZAHEER S. OVERCOMING THE LIABILITY OF FOREIGNNESS (1995) 2255 2677
3 MATHEWS J.A. DRAGON MULTINATIONALS: NEW PLAYERS IN 21ST CENTURY GLOBALIZATION (2006) 2252 2305
3 MEYER K.E. ESTRIN S. BHAUMIK S.K. PENG M.W. INSTITUTIONS RESOURCES AND ENTRY STRATEGIES IN EMERGING ECONOMIES (2009) 2193 2299
3 NORTH D.C. (1990) 2088 2508
3 CHILD J. RODRIGUES S.B. THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF CHINESE FIRMS: A CASE FOR THEORETICAL EXTENSION? (2005) 2047 2107
3 BUCKLEY P.J. CLEGG L.J. CROSS A.R. LIU X. VOSS H. ZHENG P. THE DETERMINANTS OF CHINESE OUTWARD FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (2007) 1935 1981
3 DENG P. WHY DO CHINESE FIRMS TEND TO ACQUIRE STRATEGIC ASSETS IN INTERNATIONAL EXPANSION? (2009) 1932 1967
4 GRAVES C. THOMAS J. DETERMINANTS OF THE INTERNATIONALIZATION PATHWAYS OF FAMILY FIRMS: AN EXAMINATION OF FAMILY INFLUENCE (2008) 1775 2905
4 FERNÁNDEZ Z. NIETO M.J. IMPACT OF OWNERSHIP ON THE INTERNATIONAL INVOLVEMENT OF SMES (2006) 1535 2965
4 KONTINEN T. OJALA A. THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF FAMILY BUSINESSES: A REVIEW OF EXTANT RESEARCH (2010) 1405 2383
4 GRAVES C. THOMAS J. INTERNATIONALISATION OF THE FAMILY BUSINESS: A LONGITUDINAL PERSPECTIVE (2004) 1213 1522
4 DE MASSIS A. FRATTINI F. MAJOCCHI A. PISCITELLO L. FAMILY FIRMS IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY: TOWARD A DEEPER UNDERSTANDING OF INTERNATIONALIZATION DETERM... 1209 2329
4 BARNEY J. FIRM RESOURCES AND SUSTAINED COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE (1991) 1165 3686
4 FERNÁNDEZ Z. NIETO M.J. INTERNATIONALIZATION STRATEGY OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED FAMILY BUSINESSES: SOME INFLUENTIAL FACTORS (2005) 1164 2412
4 GALLO M.A. SVEEN J. INTERNATIONALIZING THE FAMILY BUSINESS: FACILITATING AND RESTRAINING FACTORS (1991) 1152 1629
4 PUKALL T.J. CALABRÒ A. THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF FAMILY FIRMS: A CRITICAL REVIEW AND INTEGRATIVE MODEL (2014) 1013 1988
4 CALABRÒ A. TORCHIA M. PUKALL T. MUSSOLINO D. THE INFLUENCE OF OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE AND BOARD STRATEGIC INVOLVEMENT ON INTERNATIONAL SALES: THE MODER... 981 1157
5 BARNEA A. RUBIN A. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AS A CONFLICT BETWEEN SHAREHOLDERS (2010) 1503 1977
5 SERVAES H. TAMAYO A. THE IMPACT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ON FIRM VALUE: THE ROLE OF CUSTOMER AWARENESS (2013) 1396 1577
5 CHENG B. IOANNOU I. SERAFEIM G. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND ACCESS TO FINANCE (2014) 1192 1354
5 FERRELL A. LIANG H. RENNEBOOG L. SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE FIRMS (2016) 1172 1347
5 GODFREY P.C. MERRILL C.B. HANSEN J.M. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND SHAREHOLDER VALUE: AN EMPIRICAL TEST OF THE RISK... 1107 1378
5 LINS K.V. SERVAES H. TAMAYO A. SOCIAL CAPITAL TRUST AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: THE VALUE OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DURING THE FINANCIAL CRISIS ... 1103 1336
5 DI GIULI A. KOSTOVETSKY L. ARE RED OR BLUE COMPANIES MORE LIKELY TO GO GREEN? POLITICS AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (2014) 1058 1209
5 GODFREY P.C. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORPORATE PHILANTHROPY AND SHAREHOLDER WEALTH: A RISK MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE (2005) 1008 1340
5 MCWILLIAMS A. SIEGEL D. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: A THEORY OF THE FIRM PERSPECTIVE (2001) 973 1212
5 KRÜGER P. CORPORATE GOODNESS AND SHAREHOLDER WEALTH (2015) 958 1131
6 ADAMS R.B. FERREIRA D. WOMEN IN THE BOARDROOM AND THEIR IMPACT ON GOVERNANCE AND PERFORMANCE (2009) 3118 3853
6 CARTER D.A. SIMKINS B.J. SIMPSON W.G. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE BOARD DIVERSITY AND FIRM VALUE (2003) 1720 1897
6 BEAR S. RAHMAN N. POST C. THE IMPACT OF BOARD DIVERSITY AND GENDER COMPOSITION ON CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND FIRM REPUTATION (2010) 1657 2120
6 CAMPBELL K. MÍNGUEZ-VERA A. GENDER DIVERSITY IN THE BOARDROOM AND FIRM FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE (2008) 1128 1300
6 GUL F.A. SRINIDHI B. NG A.C. DOES BOARD GENDER DIVERSITY IMPROVE THE INFORMATIVENESS OF STOCK PRICES? (2011) 984 1203
6 LIU Y. WEI Z. XIE F. DO WOMEN DIRECTORS IMPROVE FIRM PERFORMANCE IN CHINA? (2014) 967 1038
6 TORCHIA M. CALABRÒ A. HUSE M. WOMEN DIRECTORS ON CORPORATE BOARDS: FROM TOKENISM TO CRITICAL MASS (2011) 925 1110
6 TERJESEN S. SEALY R. SINGH V. WOMEN DIRECTORS ON CORPORATE BOARDS: A REVIEW AND RESEARCH AGENDA (2009) 909 982
6 POST C. BYRON K. WOMEN ON BOARDS AND FIRM FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: A META-ANALYSIS (2015) 883 935
6 ERHARDT N.L. WERBEL J.D. SHRADER C.B. BOARD OF DIRECTOR DIVERSITY AND FIRM FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE (2003) 863 919

4.1.2 Development of Knowledge Bases

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4.2 Technical description

In a co-cittion network, the strength of the relationship between a reference pair \(m\) and \(n\) (\(s_{m,n}^{coc}\)) is expressed by the number of publications \(C\) which are jointly citing reference \(m\) and \(n\).

\[s_{m,n}^{coc} = \sum_i c_{i,m} c_{i,n}\]

The intuition here is that references which are frequently cited together are likely to share commonalities in theory, topic, methodology, or context. It can be interpreted as a measure of similarity as evaluated by other researchers that decide to jointly cite both references. Because the publication process is time-consuming, co-citation is a backward-looking measure, which is appropriate to map the relationship between core literature of a field.

5 Research Areas: Bibliographic coupling analysis

5.1 Research Areas main summary

This is arguably the more interesting part. Here, we identify the literature’s current knowledge frontier by carrying out a bibliographic coupling analysis of the publications in our corpus. This measure uses bibliographical information of publications to establish a similarity relationship between them. Again, method details to be found in the tab Technical description. As you will see, we identify the more narrow research community of Sustainability Transitions (in which we will zoom in later), but also a set of adjacent research areas with some theoretical/methodological/application overlap.

5.1.1 Main Characteristics

To identify communities in the field’s knowledge frontier (labeled research areas) we again use the Lovain Algorithm (Blondel et al., 2008). We identify the following communities = research areas.

`summarise()` has grouped output by 'com'. You can override using the `.groups` argument.
Error in count(., com_bib, com_cit) : object 'el_2m' not found
com com_name topic_name
1 1 3
1 1 5
1 1 1
2 2 4
2 2 5
2 2 3
3 3 1
3 3 3
3 3 2
4 4 2
4 4 1
4 4 4
5 5 4
5 5 2
5 5 1
6 6 1
6 6 3
6 6 4
7 7 3
7 7 5
7 7 1
NA NA 2
NA NA 1
NA NA 5

5.1.2 Categorization

I up to now gain only provide the 10 most central articles, which can be used to classify them

com_name AU PY TI dgr_int TC TC_year
1 CABRERA-SUÁREZ MK;MART... 2013 TOP MANAGEMENT TEAMS AND PERFORMANCE IN NON-LISTED FAMILY FIRMS 1412 10 1.1111111
1 CABRERA-SUÁREZ MK;MART... 2013 TOP MANAGEMENT TEAMS AND PERFORMANCE IN NON-LISTED FAMILY FIRMS 1412 10 1.1111111
1 CABRERA-SUÁREZ MK;MART... 2013 TOP MANAGEMENT TEAMS AND PERFORMANCE IN NON-LISTED FAMILY FIRMS 1412 10 1.1111111
1 MEMILI E;MISRA K;CHRIS... 2017 INTERNATIONALISATION OF PUBLICLY TRADED FAMILY FIRMS: A TRANSACTION COST THEORY PERSPECTIVE AND LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS 2001 5 1.0000000
1 MEMILI E;MISRA K;CHRIS... 2017 INTERNATIONALISATION OF PUBLICLY TRADED FAMILY FIRMS: A TRANSACTION COST THEORY PERSPECTIVE AND LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS 2001 5 1.0000000
1 MEMILI E;MISRA K;CHRIS... 2017 INTERNATIONALISATION OF PUBLICLY TRADED FAMILY FIRMS: A TRANSACTION COST THEORY PERSPECTIVE AND LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS 2001 5 1.0000000
1 XIAOTI F 2018 INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF QUALITY OF GOVERNMENT AND FAMILY FIRM GOVERNANCE ON R&D OUTPUT: EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON THE LISTED FA... 1471 5 1.2500000
1 XIAOTI F 2018 INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF QUALITY OF GOVERNMENT AND FAMILY FIRM GOVERNANCE ON R&D OUTPUT: EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON THE LISTED FA... 1471 5 1.2500000
1 XIAOTI F 2018 INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF QUALITY OF GOVERNMENT AND FAMILY FIRM GOVERNANCE ON R&D OUTPUT: EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON THE LISTED FA... 1471 5 1.2500000
1 MARTÍNEZ-ROMERO MJ;MAR... 2020 THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIO-EMOTIONAL WEALTH ON FIRM FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM SMALL AND MEDIUM PRIVATELY HELD FAMIL... 2174 3 1.5000000
2 ARSLAN A 2012 IMPACTS OF INSTITUTIONAL PRESSURES AND THE STRENGTH OF MARKET SUPPORTING INSTITUTIONS IN THE HOST COUNTRY ON THE OWNERSHIP... 1088 11 1.1000000
2 TALAY MB;CAVUSGIL ST 2009 CHOICE OF OWNERSHIP MODE IN JOINT VENTURES: AN EVENT HISTORY ANALYSIS FROM THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY 557 11 0.8461538
2 ZHANG Y;ZHONG W;WEN N;... 2014 ASSET SPECIFICITY AND COMPLEMENTARITY AND MNE OWNERSHIP STRATEGIES: THE ROLE OF INSTITUTIONAL DISTANCES 573 9 1.1250000
2 ANWAR ST 2010 CFIUS, CHINESE MNCS' OUTWARD FDI, AND GLOBALIZATION OF BUSINESS 573 9 0.7500000
2 ANWAR ST 2010 CFIUS, CHINESE MNCS' OUTWARD FDI, AND GLOBALIZATION OF BUSINESS 573 9 0.7500000
2 ZHANG MM 2015 CROSS-NATIONAL DISTANCE AND INSIDERSHIP WITHIN NETWORKS: JAPANESE MNCS' OWNERSHIP STRATEGIES IN THEIR OVERSEAS SUBSIDIARIES 709 7 1.0000000
2 TSAI MT;CHENG YM 2002 THE DECISION CRITERIA FOR THE OWNERSHIP CONTROL ENTRY MODE FOR TAIWANESE MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN THE UNITED STATES: AN APPL... 280 16 0.8000000
2 CHEN MY;CHANG JY 2011 THE CHOICE OF FOREIGN MARKET ENTRY MODE: AN ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMIC PROBIT MODEL 439 10 0.9090909
2 KANG Y;LIU Y 2016 NATURAL RESOURCE-SEEKING INTENT AND REGULATORY FORCES: LOCATION CHOICE OF CHINESE OUTWARD FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN ASIA 875 5 0.8333333
2 KANG Y;LIU Y 2016 NATURAL RESOURCE-SEEKING INTENT AND REGULATORY FORCES: LOCATION CHOICE OF CHINESE OUTWARD FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN ASIA 875 5 0.8333333
3 ACHLEITNER AK;KASERER ... 2012 THE DYNAMICS OF VOTING OWNERSHIP IN LONE-FOUNDER, FAMILY-FOUNDER, AND HEIR FIRMS 1058 10 1.0000000
3 ABDULLAH A. AL-DUBAI S... 2014 FAMILY INVOLVEMENT IN OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT, AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: MODERATING AND DIRECT-EFFECT MODELS 1176 8 1.0000000
3 ABDULLAH A. AL-DUBAI S... 2014 FAMILY INVOLVEMENT IN OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT, AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: MODERATING AND DIRECT-EFFECT MODELS 1176 8 1.0000000
3 TXOMIN ITURRALDE D;AMA... 2011 INSIDERS OWNERSHIP AND FIRM PERFORMANCE. EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE 1007 8 0.7272727
3 TXOMIN ITURRALDE D;AMA... 2011 INSIDERS OWNERSHIP AND FIRM PERFORMANCE. EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE 1007 8 0.7272727
3 LEITTERSTORF MP;WACHTE... 2016 TAKEOVER PREMIUMS AND FAMILY BLOCKHOLDERS 1114 6 1.0000000
3 LEITTERSTORF MP;WACHTE... 2016 TAKEOVER PREMIUMS AND FAMILY BLOCKHOLDERS 1114 6 1.0000000
3 LEITTERSTORF MP;WACHTE... 2016 TAKEOVER PREMIUMS AND FAMILY BLOCKHOLDERS 1114 6 1.0000000
3 BELOT F;WAXIN T 2017 LABOR CONFLICTS IN FRENCH WORKPLACES: DOES (THE TYPE OF) FAMILY CONTROL MATTER? 1056 6 1.2000000
3 BOZEC Y;BOZEC R;DIA M 2010 OVERALL GOVERNANCE, FIRM VALUE AND DEVIATION FROM ONE SHARE: ONE VOTE PRINCIPLE 710 8 0.6666667
4 GAREL A 2017 WHEN OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE MATTERS: A REVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF INVESTOR HORIZON ON CORPORATE POLICIES 1551 6 1.2000000
4 GAREL A 2017 WHEN OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE MATTERS: A REVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF INVESTOR HORIZON ON CORPORATE POLICIES 1551 6 1.2000000
4 FUNG S;TSAI SC 2012 INSTITUTIONAL OWNERSHIP AND CORPORATE INVESTMENT PERFORMANCE 471 7 0.7000000
4 FUNG S;TSAI SC 2012 INSTITUTIONAL OWNERSHIP AND CORPORATE INVESTMENT PERFORMANCE 471 7 0.7000000
4 AMAN H 2011 FIRM-SPECIFIC VOLATILITY OF STOCK RETURNS, THE CREDIBILITY OF MANAGEMENT FORECASTS, AND MEDIA COVERAGE: EVIDENCE FROM JAPA... 263 12 1.0909091
4 HUANG K;PETKEVICH A 2016 INVESTMENT HORIZONS AND INFORMATION 555 5 0.8333333
4 WANG X;WEI S 2019 THE MONITORING ROLE OF INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS: GEOGRAPHICAL PROXIMITY AND INVESTMENT HORIZON 1092 2 0.6666667
4 WANG X;WEI S 2019 THE MONITORING ROLE OF INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS: GEOGRAPHICAL PROXIMITY AND INVESTMENT HORIZON 1092 2 0.6666667
4 WANG X;WEI S 2019 THE MONITORING ROLE OF INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS: GEOGRAPHICAL PROXIMITY AND INVESTMENT HORIZON 1092 2 0.6666667
4 KANG S;CHUNG CY;KIM DS 2019 THE EFFECT OF INSTITUTIONAL BLOCKHOLDERS' SHORT-TERMISM ON FIRM INNOVATION: EVIDENCE FROM THE KOREAN MARKET 652 3 1.0000000
5 REES W;RODIONOVA T 2013 WHAT TYPE OF CONTROLLING INVESTORS IMPACT ON WHICH ELEMENTS OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY? 267 10 1.1111111
5 REES W;RODIONOVA T 2013 WHAT TYPE OF CONTROLLING INVESTORS IMPACT ON WHICH ELEMENTS OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY? 267 10 1.1111111
5 JI YY 2015 TOP MANAGEMENT TEAM PAY STRUCTURE AND CORPORATE SOCIAL PERFORMANCE 225 7 1.0000000
5 CHOI JH;KIM S;YANG DH 2019 DO MANAGERS PAY CSR FOR PRIVATE MOTIVATION? A DIVIDEND TAX CUT CASE IN KOREA 463 3 1.0000000
5 CHOI JH;KIM S;YANG DH 2019 DO MANAGERS PAY CSR FOR PRIVATE MOTIVATION? A DIVIDEND TAX CUT CASE IN KOREA 463 3 1.0000000
5 TEBINI H;LANG P;M'ZALI... 2014 REVISITING THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL PERFORMANCE ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE FROM A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE 406 3 0.3750000
5 HABERMANN F;FISCHER FB 2021 CORPORATE SOCIAL PERFORMANCE AND THE LIKELIHOOD OF BANKRUPTCY: EVIDENCE FROM A PERIOD OF ECONOMIC UPSWING 577 2 2.0000000
5 LIN HC;WANG CS;WU RS 2017 DOES CORPORATE ETHICS HELP INVESTORS FORECAST FUTURE EARNINGS? 222 5 1.0000000
5 LIN HC;WANG CS;WU RS 2017 DOES CORPORATE ETHICS HELP INVESTORS FORECAST FUTURE EARNINGS? 222 5 1.0000000
5 LEE S;KIM YK;KIM K 2016 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, FIRM RISK, AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: EVIDENCE FROM KOREAN FIRMS 258 4 0.6666667
6 PASTORE P;TOMMASO S 2016 WOMEN ON CORPORATE BOARDS. THE CASE OF ‘GENDER QUOTAS’ IN ITALY 576 7 1.1666667
6 TLEUBAYEV A;BOBOJONOV ... 2020 BOARD GENDER DIVERSITY AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM THE RUSSIAN AGRI-FOOD INDUSTRY 1214 3 1.5000000
6 AHMAD MA;ALSHBIEL SO 2016 WOMEN IN JORDANIAN BANKS AND PERFORMANCE: FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING MEASUREMENT 703 5 0.8333333
6 REDOR E 2018 GENDER DIVERSITY ON CORPORATE BOARDS: DOES CRITICAL MASS MATTER TO INVESTORS? 671 5 1.2500000
6 VAFAEI A;HENRY D;AHMED... 2020 BOARD DIVERSITY: FEMALE DIRECTOR PARTICIPATION AND CORPORATE INNOVATION 917 3 1.5000000
6 WIELAND S;FLAVEL BS 2015 THE INFLUENCE OF GENDER DIVERSE CORPORATE BOARDS ON EMPLOYEE-ORIENTATION 639 4 0.5714286
6 LIU C 2021 CEO GENDER AND EMPLOYEE RELATIONS: EVIDENCE FROM LABOR LAWSUITS 1196 2 2.0000000
6 LIU C 2021 CEO GENDER AND EMPLOYEE RELATIONS: EVIDENCE FROM LABOR LAWSUITS 1196 2 2.0000000
6 RUBINO FE;TENUTA P;CAM... 2021 FIVE SHADES OF WOMEN: EVIDENCE FROM ITALIAN LISTED FIRMS 985 2 2.0000000
6 YAHYA F;ABBAS G;AHMED ... 2020 RESTRICTIVE AND SUPPORTIVE MECHANISMS FOR FEMALE DIRECTORS’ RISK-AVERSE BEHAVIOR: EVIDENCE FROM SOUTH ASIAN HEALTH CARE IN... 605 3 1.5000000
7 DAVIDKOV TP;YORDANOVA DI 2016 EXPLORING THE BULGARIAN FAMILY SMES' RELUCTANCE TO INTERNATIONALISE 1168 7 1.1666667
7 DAVIDKOV TP;YORDANOVA DI 2016 EXPLORING THE BULGARIAN FAMILY SMES' RELUCTANCE TO INTERNATIONALISE 1168 7 1.1666667
7 DAVIDKOV TP;YORDANOVA DI 2016 EXPLORING THE BULGARIAN FAMILY SMES' RELUCTANCE TO INTERNATIONALISE 1168 7 1.1666667
7 SANCHEZ-FAMOSO V;CANO-... 2019 THE ROLE OF COOPERATION AGREEMENTS IN THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF SPANISH WINERY AND OLIVE OIL FAMILY FIRMS 669 4 1.3333333
7 SANCHEZ-FAMOSO V;CANO-... 2019 THE ROLE OF COOPERATION AGREEMENTS IN THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF SPANISH WINERY AND OLIVE OIL FAMILY FIRMS 669 4 1.3333333
7 SANCHEZ-FAMOSO V;CANO-... 2019 THE ROLE OF COOPERATION AGREEMENTS IN THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF SPANISH WINERY AND OLIVE OIL FAMILY FIRMS 669 4 1.3333333
7 LAFFRANCHINI G;HADJIMA... 2016 THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF FAMILY-FIRMS: A SIGNAL DETECTION APPROACH 394 5 0.8333333
7 LAFFRANCHINI G;HADJIMA... 2016 THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF FAMILY-FIRMS: A SIGNAL DETECTION APPROACH 394 5 0.8333333
7 LAFFRANCHINI G;HADJIMA... 2016 THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF FAMILY-FIRMS: A SIGNAL DETECTION APPROACH 394 5 0.8333333
7 BANNÒ M;TRENTO S 2016 INTERNATIONAL EXPANSION OF FAMILY FIRMS: THE MODERATING ROLE OF SUCCESSORS AND EXTERNAL MANAGERS 642 3 0.5000000

5.1.3

5.1.4 Development

`summarise()` has grouped output by 'com_name'. You can override using the `.groups` argument.

We again see quite some dynamics….

5.1.5 Connectivity between the research areas

Warning: Ignoring unknown parameters: strenght

5.2 Technical description

In a bibliographic coupling network, the coupling-strength between publications is determined by the number of commonly cited references they share, assuming a common pool of references to indicate similarity in context, methods, or theory. Formally, the strength of the relationship between a publication pair \(i\) and \(j\) (\(s_{i,j}^{bib}\)) is expressed by the number of commonly cited references.

\[ s_{i,j}^{bib} = \sum_m c_{i,m} c_{j,m} \]

Since our corpus contains publications which differ strongly in terms of the number of cited references, we normalize the coupling strength by the Jaccard similarity coefficient. Here, we weight the intercept of two publications’ bibliography (shared refeences) by their union (number of all references cited by either \(i\) or \(j\)). It is bounded between zero and one, where one indicates the two publications to have an identical bibliography, and zero that they do not share any cited reference. Thereby, we prevent publications from having high coupling strength due to a large bibliography (e.g., literature surveys).

\[ S_{i,j}^{jac-bib} =\frac{C(i \cap j)}{C(i \cup j)} = \frac{s_{i,j}^{bib}}{c_i + c_j - s_{i,j}^{bib}} \]

More recent articles have a higher pool of possible references to co-cite to, hence they are more likely to be coupled. Consequently, bibliographic coupling represents a forward looking measure, and the method of choice to identify the current knowledge frontier at the point of analysis.

6 Additional analysis

6.1 Authors, Themes & Journals

Warning in rm(M_threefield) : object 'M_threefield' not found

—>

---
title: "Bibliometrics: Foreign Ownership 2022"
author: "Daniel S. Hain"
date: "`r format(Sys.time(), '%d %B, %Y')`"
output:
  html_notebook:
    df_print: paged
    toc: yes
    toc_depth: 3
    toc_float: yes
    number_sections: yes
    code_folding: hide
---

```{r setup, include=FALSE}
### Generic preamble
rm(list=ls())
Sys.setenv(LANG = "en")
options(scipen = 5)
set.seed(1337)

### Load packages  
library(knitr) # For display of the markdown
library(kableExtra) # For table styling

library(tidyverse)
library(magrittr)

library(bibliometrix)
library(tidygraph)
library(ggraph)

# own functions
source("../functions/functions_basic.R")
source("../functions/functions_summary.R")
source("../functions/00_parameters.R")
```

```{r global_options, include=FALSE}
knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = FALSE, 
                      warning = FALSE, 
                      message = FALSE)
```


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# Initial Corpus generation 

```{r}
M <- readRDS("../../temp/M.RDS") %>% as_tibble()
M %<>% distinct(DI, .keep_all = TRUE)
```

# General Overview over EIST articles

## Main Indicators: Publications, Authors, Countries

To start with, a general overview over the documents in the corpus.

```{r}
results <- biblioAnalysis(M, sep = ";")

results %>% summary(k = 10, pause = FALSE)
```
And a graphical visualization

```{r}
results %>% plot(k = 10, pause = FALSE)
```

```{r}
prod_AU <- M %>% authorProdOverTime(k = 10, graph = TRUE)
#plot(prod_AU$graph)
```

```{r}
rm(results, prod_AU)
```

## Cited references

```{r}
CR <- readRDS("../../temp/CR.RDS") 
```

Top 20 cited references (by corpus documents):

```{r}
CR$Cited %>% as_tibble() %>% head(20) %>% 
  kable() %>%
  kable_styling(bootstrap_options = c("striped", "hover", "condensed", "responsive"), font_size = 8)
```

```{r}
rm(CR)
```


```{r}
#M %>% gen_summary(top_n = 20, level = "PUB", what = "count", plot = TRUE) 
```


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# Topic modelling

```{r}
library(tidytext)

text_tidy <- readRDS("../../temp/text_tidy.RDS")
text_lda <- readRDS("../../temp/text_lda.RDS") 
```

```{r}
text_lda_beta <- text_lda %>% tidy(matrix = "beta") 
text_lda_gamma <- text_lda %>% tidy(matrix = "gamma")
```


```{r}
topic_names <- tibble( 
  topic = 1:(text_lda_gamma %>% pull(topic) %>% n_distinct()),
  topic_name = 
    1:(text_lda_gamma %>% pull(topic) %>% n_distinct())
    #c('1 TIS & Markets',
    #  '2 ? Undefined ',
    #  '3 (Energy) Economics',
    #  '4 ? undefined',
    #  '5 Geography & Institutions',
    #  '6 ? Transitions (general)')
)

text_lda_beta %<>% left_join(topic_names, by = 'topic')
text_lda_gamma %<>% left_join(topic_names, by = 'topic')
```


```{r}
mycol_lda <- text_lda_beta %>% gg_color_select(cat = topic_name, pal = "Dark2")
```


I by now created some topic modelling. The results are now more fine-tuned, but there is still room for some improvement. We ran a LDA on the titles + abstracts of our corpus, aiming at identifying 6 topics (different evaluation methods point towards this number)

## Topics by topwords
```{r, fig.width=17.5, fig.height=15} 
text_lda_beta %>%
  group_by(topic_name) %>%
  slice_max(beta, n = 10) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  mutate(term = reorder_within(term, beta, topic_name)) %>%
  ggplot(aes(term, beta, fill = factor(topic_name))) +
  geom_col(show.legend = FALSE) +
  facet_wrap(~ topic_name, scales = "free") +
  coord_flip() +
  scale_x_reordered() +
  labs(x = "Intra-topic distribution of word",
       y = "Words in topic") + 
  scale_fill_manual(name = "Legend", values = mycol_lda) 

#plot_ly <- plot %>% plotly::ggplotly()
#htmlwidgets::saveWidget(plotly::as_widget(plot_ly), '../output\vis_plotly_topic_terms.html', selfcontained = TRUE)
```

This might still be finetuned, but initially doesnt look that bad I think. All the topics for me seem to be somewhat identifiable. We should maybe start naming them to make their interpretation later easier. 

## Topics over time

```{r, fig.width = 15, fig.height=7.5}
text_lda_gamma %>%
  rename(weight = gamma) %>%
  left_join(M %>% select(XX, PY), by = c('document' = 'XX')) %>%
  mutate(PY = as.numeric(PY)) %>%
  group_by(PY, topic_name) %>% summarise(weight = sum(weight)) %>% ungroup() %>%
  group_by(PY) %>% mutate(weight_PY = sum(weight)) %>% ungroup() %>%
  mutate(weight_rel = weight / weight_PY) %>%
  select(PY, topic_name, weight, weight_rel) %>%
  filter(PY >= 1998 & PY <= 2021) %>%
  arrange(PY, topic_name) %>%
  plot_summary_timeline(y1 = weight, y2 = weight_rel, t = PY, by = topic_name,  pal = "Dark2", label = TRUE,
                        y1_text = "Topic popularity annualy", y2_text = "Share of topic annually")
```

## LDAViz
Here you find a nice way of exploring topics via the `LDAVIz` methodology of visulizing the result of an LDA. It dispolays all topics in a 2 dimensional TSNE (similar to PCA, but optimized for graphical illustration in 2d), and also gives a nice visual representation over the topics top-word distribution and overall frequencies of this words in the corpus. The $\lambda$ parameter regulates the importance-ordering of the topwords. High $\lambda$ order words by the highest propability to appear in the topic to the lowest (independent of the overall word popularity in the corpus), whle low $\lambda$ emphasize words which are very specific to the topic, and rarely appear in others.

Play a bit around. Since it would be here a bit condensed, here in fullscreen for a better overview.

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```{r}
rm(text_tidy, text_lda)
```


# Knowledge Bases: Co-Citation network analysis {.tabset}

```{r}
C_nw <- readRDS("../../temp/C_nw.RDS")
```

```{r}
com_names_cit <- tibble( 
  com = 1:(C_nw %>% pull(com) %>% n_distinct()),
  com_name = 
    1:(C_nw %>% pull(com) %>% n_distinct())
    #c('1 MLP',
    #'2 TIS',
    #'3 Geography',
    #'4 Intermediaries',
    #'5 Modelling',
    #'6 ? Undefined (diffusion)',
    #'7 Sociology1',
    #'8 Management',
    #'9 Sharing Economy')
)
```

```{r}
C_nw %<>% left_join(com_names_cit, by = "com")
```

```{r}
mycol_cit <- C_nw %>% gg_color_select(cat = com_name, pal = "Set1")
```


**Note:** This analysis refers the co-citation analysis, where the cited references and not the original publications are the unit of analysis. See tab `Technical description`for additional explanations

## Knowledge Bases summary

### Main Indicators
In order to partition networks into components or clusters, we deploy a **community detection** technique based on the **Lovain Algorithm** (Blondel et al., 2008). The Lovain Algorithm is a heuristic method that attempts to optimize the modularity of communities within a network by maximizing within- and minimizing between-community connectivity. We identify the following communities = knowledge bases.

```{r}
C_nw %>%
  group_by(com_name) %>%
  summarise(n = n(), density_int = ((sum(dgr_int) / (n() * (n() - 1))) * 100) %>% round(3)) %>%
  relocate(com_name, everything())
```

It is not the main focus of this exercise, but still informative to see which historical knowledge the fields draws from. 

NOTE: Up to now I only report the most central members per community

```{r}
C_nw %>% group_by(com) %>% 
  select(com, name, dgr_int, dgr) %>%
  arrange(com, desc(dgr_int)) %>%
  mutate(name = name %>% str_trunc(150)) %>%
  slice_max(order_by = dgr_int, n = 10, with_ties = FALSE) %>% 
  kable() %>%
  kable_styling(bootstrap_options = c("striped", "hover", "condensed", "responsive"), font_size = 8)
```
### Development of Knowledge Bases

```{r}
el_2m <- readRDS("../../temp/el_2m.RDS") %>%
  drop_na()
```


```{r}
cit_com_year <- el_2m %>%
  count(com_cit, PY, name = 'TC') %>%
  group_by(PY) %>%
  mutate(TC_rel = TC / sum(TC)) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  arrange(PY, com_cit) %>%
  left_join(com_names_cit , by = c('com_cit' = 'com')) %>% 
  complete(com_name, PY, fill = list(TC = 0, TC_rel = 0))

```


```{r, fig.width = 15, fig.height=7.5}
cit_com_year %>%
  plot_summary_timeline(y1 = TC, y2 = TC_rel, t = PY, by = com_name, pal = "Set1", label = TRUE,
                        y1_text = "Number citations recieved annually",  y2_text = "Share of citations recieved annually")
```

## Technical description
In a co-cittion network, the strength of the relationship between a reference pair $m$ and $n$ ($s_{m,n}^{coc}$) is expressed by the number of publications $C$ which are jointly citing reference $m$ and $n$. 

$$s_{m,n}^{coc} = \sum_i c_{i,m} c_{i,n}$$

The intuition here is that references which are frequently cited together are likely to share commonalities in theory, topic, methodology, or context. It can be interpreted as a measure of similarity as evaluated by other researchers that decide to jointly cite both references. Because the publication process is time-consuming, co-citation is a backward-looking measure, which is appropriate to map the relationship between core literature of a field.


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# Research Areas: Bibliographic coupling analysis {.tabset}

## Research Areas main summary

This is arguably the more interesting part. Here, we identify the literature's current knowledge frontier by carrying out a bibliographic coupling analysis of the publications in our corpus. This measure  uses bibliographical information of  publications to establish a similarity relationship between them. Again, method details to be found in the tab `Technical description`. As you will see, we identify the more narrow research community of Sustainability Transitions (in which we will zoom in later), but also a set of adjacent research areas with some theoretical/methodological/application overlap.

```{r}
M_bib <- readRDS("../../temp/M_bib.RDS") %>% as_tibble()
```

```{r}
com_names_bib <- tibble( 
  com = 1:(M_bib %>% pull(com) %>% n_distinct()),
  com_name = 
    1:(M_bib %>% pull(com) %>% n_distinct())
    #c('1 MLP / TIS', 
    #  '2 MLP',
    #  '3 Geography',
    #  '4 Policy')
)
```

```{r}
M_bib %<>% left_join(com_names_bib, by = "com")
```

```{r}
mycol_bib <- M_bib %>% gg_color_select(cat = com_name, pal = "Dark2")
```

### Main Characteristics
To identify communities in the field's knowledge frontier (labeled **research areas**) we again use the **Lovain Algorithm** (Blondel et al., 2008). We identify the following communities = research areas.

```{r}
com_summary_bib <- M_bib %>%
  group_by(com, com_name) %>%
  summarise(n = n(), density_int = ((sum(dgr_int) / (n() * (n() - 1))) * 100) %>% round(3)) %>%
  select(com, com_name, everything())
```

```{r}
com_summary_bib
```

```{r}
com_top_bib <- text_lda_gamma %>%
  left_join(M_bib %>% select(XX, com), by = c('document' = 'XX')) %>%
  count(com, topic_name, wt = gamma, name = 'weight') %>%
  left_join(com_names_bib, by = "com") %>%
  mutate(weight = weight %>% round(0)) %>%
  group_by(com) %>%
  slice_max(weight, n = 3, with_ties = FALSE) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  select(com, com_name, topic_name) 
```

```{r}
el_2m %>%
  count(com_bib, com_cit) %>%
  left_join(com_names_bib, by = c("com_bib" = "com")) %>%
  left_join(com_names_cit, by = c("com_cit" = "com"))
```





```{r}
com_top_bib %>% 
  kable() %>%
  kable_styling(bootstrap_options = c("striped", "hover", "condensed", "responsive"), font_size = 8)
```


### Categorization

I up to now gain only provide the 10 most central articles, which can be used to classify them

```{r}
M_bib %>% group_by(com_name) %>% 
  left_join(M %>% select(XX, AU, PY, TI, TC), by = 'XX') %>%
  mutate(dgr_select = (dgr_int / max(dgr_int) * (TC / max(TC))) ) %>%
  slice_max(order_by = dgr_select, n = 10, with_ties = FALSE) %>% 
  mutate(TC_year = TC / (2021 + 1 - PY),
         AU = AU %>% str_trunc(25),
         TI = TI %>% str_trunc(125)) %>%
  select(com_name, AU, PY, TI, dgr_int, TC, TC_year) %>% 
  kable() %>%
  kable_styling(bootstrap_options = c("striped", "hover", "condensed", "responsive"), font_size = 8)
```

### 


### Development

```{r, fig.width = 15, fig.height=7.5}
M_bib %>%
  left_join(M %>% select(XX, PY), by = 'XX') %>%
  mutate(PY = PY %>% as.numeric()) %>%
  group_by(com_name, PY) %>% summarise(n = n()) %>% ungroup() %>%
  group_by(PY) %>% mutate(n_PY = sum(n)) %>% ungroup() %>%
  mutate(n_rel = n / n_PY) %>%
  select(com_name, PY, n, n_rel) %>%
  arrange(com_name, PY) %>% 
  filter(PY >= 1995) %>%
  complete(com_name, PY, fill = list(n = 0, n_rel = 0)) %>%
  plot_summary_timeline(y1 = n, y2 = n_rel, t = PY, by = com_name, label = TRUE,
                        y1_text = "Number publications annually", y2_text = "Share of publications annually")
```

We again see quite some dynamics....

### Connectivity between the research areas

```{r}
g_agg <- readRDS("../../temp/g_bib_agg.RDS")

g_agg <- g_agg %N>%
  arrange(com) # %>%
#   mutate(name = names_ra %>% pull(com_ra_name),
#          color = cols_ra)
```

```{r, fig.height= 7.5, fig.width=7.5}
g_agg %E>% 
  filter(weight > 0 & from != to) %>%
  filter(weight >= quantile(weight, 0.25) )  %>%
  ggraph(layout = "circle") + 
  geom_edge_fan(strenght = 0.075, aes(width = weight), alpha = 0.2)  + 
  geom_node_point(aes(size = N, color = factor(com)))  + 
  geom_node_text(aes(label = com), repel = TRUE) +
  theme_graph(base_family = "Arial") +
  scale_color_brewer(palette = 'Paired') 
```

## Technical description
In a bibliographic coupling network, the **coupling-strength** between publications is determined by the number of commonly cited references they share, assuming a common pool of references to indicate similarity in context, methods, or theory. Formally, the strength of the relationship between a publication pair $i$ and $j$ ($s_{i,j}^{bib}$) is expressed by the number of commonly cited references. 

$$	s_{i,j}^{bib} = \sum_m c_{i,m} c_{j,m} $$

Since our corpus contains publications which differ strongly in terms of the number of cited references, we normalize the coupling strength by the Jaccard similarity coefficient. Here, we weight the intercept of two publications' bibliography (shared refeences) by their union (number of all references cited by either $i$ or $j$). It is bounded between zero and one, where one indicates the two publications to have an identical bibliography, and zero that they do not share any cited reference. Thereby, we prevent publications from having high coupling strength due to a large bibliography (e.g., literature surveys).

$$	S_{i,j}^{jac-bib} =\frac{C(i \cap j)}{C(i \cup j)} = \frac{s_{i,j}^{bib}}{c_i + c_j - s_{i,j}^{bib}} $$



More recent articles have a higher pool of possible references to co-cite to, hence they are more likely to be coupled. Consequently, bibliographic coupling represents a forward looking measure, and the method of choice to identify the current knowledge frontier at the point of analysis.



```{r}
#M %>% 
#  arrange(PY, XX) %>%
#  select(PY, XX, AU) %>%
# write_csv2('../../temp/temp_IDs.csv')
```


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# Additional analysis

## Authors, Themes & Journals

```{r, fig.width=20, fig.height=17.5}
M_threefield <- readRDS("../../temp/M_threefield.RDS") 
```

```{r, fig.width=17.5, fig.height=17.5}
M_threefield
```

```{r}
rm(M_threefield)
```


<!--- 

### Conceptual trajectories: Historical citation path analysis

```{r}
histResults <- readRDS("../../temp/histResults.RDS") 
```

```{r, fig.width=17.5, fig.height=17.5}
histResults %>% histPlot(n =50, size = 10, labelsize = 7.5)
```


```{r}
rm(histResults)
```

---> 

